The author argues that the claim by individual governments and by the World Bank that Asia has seen a large reduction in poverty overthe last three decades, is a spurious claim. It is the result of a logical mistake; while the original definition of poverty was on the basis of satisfaction or otherwise of specified nutrition norms, later without any discussion this definition was changed and delinked from nutrition, thereby committing the fallacy of equivocation. In practice, for many decades the poor have been improperly counted as those below a steadily declining standard of food consumption. Using data for fifty years fromIndia’s National Sample Survey, she shows that when we apply a constant nutrition standard over time, poverty is seen to have worsened considerably, in particular over the period of neoliberal reforms.